It
was an e-mail we weren’t meant to see. Not for our eyes
were the notes that showed White House staffers taking two-hour
meetings with Christian fundamentalists, where they passed
off bogus social science on gay marriage as if it were holy
writ and issued fiery warnings that “the Presidents [sic]
Administration and current Government is engaged in cultural,
economical, and social struggle on every level”—this to
a group whose representative in Israel believed herself
to have been attacked by witchcraft unleashed by proximity
to a volume of Harry Potter. Most of all, apparently, we’re
not supposed to know that the National Security Council’s
top Middle East aide consults with apocalyptic Christians
eager to ensure American policy on Israel conforms with
their sectarian doomsday scenarios.
But
now we know.
“Everything
that you’re discussing is information you’re not supposed
to have,” barked Pentecostal minister Robert G. Upton when
asked about the off-the-record briefing his delegation received
on March 25. Details of that meeting appear in a confidential
memo signed by Upton and obtained by The Village
Voice.
The e-mailed meeting summary reveals NSC Near East and North
African Affairs director Elliott Abrams sitting down with
the Apostolic Congress and massaging their theological concerns.
Claiming to be “the Christian Voice in the Nation’s Capital,”
the congress’ members vociferously oppose the idea of a
Palestinian state. They fear an Israeli withdrawal from
Gaza might enable just that, and they object on the grounds
that all of Old Testament Israel belongs to the Jews. Until
Israel is intact and Solomon’s temple rebuilt, they believe,
Christ won’t come back to Earth.
Abrams attempted to assuage their concerns by stating that
“the Gaza Strip had no significant Biblical influence such
as Joseph’s tomb or Rachel’s tomb and therefore is a piece
of land that can be sacrificed for the cause of peace.”
Three weeks after the confab, President George W. Bush reversed
long-standing U.S. policy, endorsing Israeli sovereignty
over parts of the West Bank in exchange for Israel’s disengagement
from the Gaza Strip.
In an interview with the Voice, Upton denied having
written the document, though it was sent out from an e-mail
account of one of his staffers and bears the organization’s
seal, which is nearly identical to the Great Seal of the
United States. Its idiosyncratic grammar and punctuation
tics also closely match those of texts on the Apostolic
Congress’ Web site, and Upton verified key details it recounted,
including the number of participants in the meeting (“45
ministers including wives”) and its conclusion “with a heart-moving
send-off of the President in his Presidential helicopter.”
Upton refused to confirm further details.
Affiliated with the United Pentecostal Church, the Apostolic
Congress is part of an important and disciplined political
constituency courted by recent Republican administrations.
As a subset of the broader Christian Zionist movement, it
has a lengthy history of opposition to any proposal that
will not result in what it calls a “one-state solution”
in Israel.
The White House’s association with the congress, which has
just posted a new staffer in Israel who may be running afoul
of Israel’s strict anti-missionary laws, also raises diplomatic
concerns.
The staffer, Kim Hadassah Johnson, wrote in a report obtained
by the Voice, “We are establishing the Meet the Need
Fund in Israel—‘MNFI.’ . . . The fund will be an Interest
Free Loan Fund that will enable us to loan funds to new
believers (others upon application) who need assistance.
They will have the opportunity to repay the loan (although
it will not be mandatory).”
When that language was read to Moshe Fox, minister for public
and interreligious affairs at the Israeli Embassy in Washington,
he responded, “It sounds against the law which prohibits
any kind of money or material [inducement] to make people
convert to another religion. That’s what it sounds like.”
(Fox’s judgment was e-mailed to Johnson, who did not return
a request for comment.)
The Apostolic Congress dates its origins to 1981, when,
according to its Web site, “Brother Stan Wachtstetter was
able to open the door to Apostolic Christians into the White
House.” Apostolics, a sect of Pentecostals, claim legitimacy
as the heirs of the original church because they, as the
12 apostles supposedly did, baptize converts in the name
of Jesus, not in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
Ronald Reagan bore theological affinities with such Christians
because of his belief that the world would end in a fiery
Armageddon. Reagan himself referenced this belief explicitly
a half-dozen times during his presidency.
While the language of apocalyptic Christianity is absent
from George W. Bush’s speeches, he has proven eager to work
with apocalyptics—a point of pride for Upton. “We’re in
constant contact with the White House,” he boasts. “I’m
briefed at least once a week via telephone briefings. .
. . I was there about two weeks ago. . . . At that time
we met with the president.”
Last spring, after President Bush announced his Road Map
plan for peace in the Middle East, the Apostolic Congress
cosponsored an effort with the Jewish group Americans for
a Safe Israel that placed billboards in 23 cities with a
quotation from Genesis (“Unto thy offspring will I give
this land”) and the message, “Pray that President Bush Honors
God’s Covenant with Israel. Call the White House with this
message.” It then provided the White House phone number
and the Apostolic Congress’s Web address.
In his interview with the Voice, Pastor Upton claimed
personal responsibility for directing 50,000 postcards to
the White House opposing the Road Map, which aims to create
a Palestinian state. “I’m in total disagreement with any
form of Palestinian state,” Upton said. “Within a two-week
period, getting 50,000 postcards saying the exact same thing
from places all over the country, that resonated with the
White House. That really caused [President Bush] to backpedal
on the Road Map.”
When I sought to confirm Upton’s account of the meeting
with the White House, I was directed to National Security
Council spokesman Frederick Jones, whose initial response
upon being read a list of the names of White House staffers
present was a curt, “You know half the people you just mentioned
are Jewish?”
When asked for comment on top White House staffers meeting
with representatives of an organization that may be breaking
Israeli law, Jones responded, “Why would the White House
comment on that?”
When asked whose job it is in the administration to study
the Bible to discern what parts of Israel were or weren’t
acceptable sacrifices for peace, Jones said that his previous
statements had been off the record.
When Pastor Upton was asked to explain why the group’s Web
site describes the Apostolic Congress as “the Christian
Voice in the nation’s capital,” instead of simply a Christian
voice in the nation’s capital, he responded, “There has
been a real lack of leadership in having someone emerge
as a Christian voice, someone who doesn’t speak for the
right, someone who doesn’t speak for the left, but someone
who speaks for the people, and someone who speaks from a
theocratical perspective.”
When his words were repeated back to him to make sure he
had said a “theocratical” perspective, not a “theological”
perspective, he said, “Exactly. Exactly. We want to know
what God would have us say or what God would have us do
in every issue.”
The Middle East was not the only issue discussed at the
March 25 meeting. James Wilkinson, deputy national security
advisor for communications, spoke first and is characterized
as stating that the 9-11 Commission “is portraying those
who have given their all to protect this nation as ‘weak
on terrorism,’ ” that “99 percent of all the men and women
protecting us in this fight against terrorism are career
citizens,” and offered the example of Frances Townsend,
deputy national security adviser for combating terrorism,
“who sacrificed Christmas to do a ‘security video’ conference.”
Tim Goeglein, deputy director of public liaison and the
White House’s point man with evangelical Christians, moderated,
and he also spoke on the issue of same-sex marriage. According
to the memo, he asked the rhetorical questions: “What will
happen to our country if that actually happens? What do
those pushing such hope to gain?” His answer: “They want
to change America.” How so? He quoted the research of Hoover
Institute senior fellow Stanley Kurtz, who holds that since
gay marriage was legalized in Scandinavia, marriage itself
has virtually ceased to exist. (In fact, since Sweden instituted
a registered-partnership law for same-sex couples in the
mid ‘90s, there has been no overall change in the marriage
and divorce rates there.)
It is Matt Schlapp, White House political director and Karl
Rove’s chief lieutenant, who was paraphrased as stating
“that the Presidents [sic] Administration and current Government
is engaged in cultural, economical, and social struggle
on every level.”
Also present at the meeting was Kristen Silverberg, deputy
assistant to the president for domestic policy. (None of
the participants responded to interview requests.)
The meeting was closed by Goeglein, who was asked, “What
can we do to assist in this fight for these issues and our
nations [sic] foundation and values?” and who reportedly
responded, “Pray, pray, pray, pray.”
The Apostolic Congress’ representative in Israel, Kim Johnson,
is ethnically Jewish, keeps kosher, and holds herself to
the sumptuary standards of Orthodox Jewish women, so as
to better blend in to her surroundings.
In one letter home obtained by the Voice, she notes
that many of the Apostolic Christians she works with in
Israel are Filipino women “married to Jewish men—who on
occasion accompany their wives to meetings. We are planning
to start a fellowship with this select group where we can
meet for dinners and get to know one another. Please Pray
for the timing and formation of such.” Elsewhere she talks
of a discussion with someone “on the pitfalls and aggravations
of Christians who missionize Jews.” She works often among
the Jewish poor—the kind of people who might be interested
in interest-free loans—and is thrilled to “meet the outcasts
of this Land — how wonderful because they are in the in-casts
for His Kingdom.”
An ecstatic figure who from her own reports appears to operate
at the edge of sanity (“Two of the three nights in my apartment
I have been attacked by a hair raising spirit of fear,”
she writes, noting that the sublet contained a Harry Potter
book; “at this time I am associating it with witchcraft”),
Johnson has also met with Knesset member Gila Gamliel. (Gamliel
did not respond to interview requests.) She also boasted
of an imminent meeting with a “Knesset leader.”
“At
this point and for all future mails it is important for
me to note that this country has very stiff anti-missionary
laws,” she warns the followers back home. [D]iscretion is
required in all mails. This is particularly important to
understand when people write mails or ask about organization
efforts regarding such.”
Her boss, Pastor Upton, displays a photograph on the Apostolic
Congress Web site of a meeting between himself and Beny
Elon, Prime Minister Sharon’s tourism minister, famous in
Israel for his advocacy of the expulsion of Palestinians
from Israeli-controlled lands.
His spokesman in the United States, Ronn Torassian, affirmed
that “Minister Elon knows Mr. Upton well,” but when asked
whether he is aware that Upton’s staffer may be breaking
Israel’s anti- missionary laws, snapped: “It’s not something
he’s interested in discussing with The Village Voice.”
In addition to its work in Israel, the Apostolic Congress
is part of the increasingly Christian public face of pro-Israel
activities in the United States. Don Wagner, author of the
book Anxious for Armageddon, has been studying Christian
Zionism for 15 years, and believes that the current hard-line
pro-Israel movement in the United States is “predominantly
gentile.” Often, devotees work in concert with Jewish groups
like Americans for a Safe Israel, which set up a Committee
for a One-State Solution that was mostly Christian as the
sponsor of last year’s billboard campaign. The committee’s
board included, in addition to Upton, such evangelical luminaries
as Gary Bauer and E.E. “Ed” McAteer of the Religious Roundtable.
AFSI’s executive director, Helen Freedman, confirms the
increasingly Christian cast of her coalition. “We have many
good Jews, of course,” she says, “but they’re in the minority.”
She adds, “The liberal Jew is unable to believe the Arab
when he says his goal is to Islamize the West. . . . But
I believe it. And evangelical Christians believe it.”
Of Jews who might otherwise support her group’s view of
Jews’ divine right to Israel, she laments, “They’re embarrassed
about quoting the Bible, about referring to the Covenant,
about talking about the Promised Land.”
Pastor Upton is not embarrassed, and Helen Freedman is proud
of her association with him. She is wistful when asked if
she, like Upton, has been able to finagle a meeting with
the president. “Pastor Upton is the head of a whole Apostolic
Congress,” she laments. “It’s a nationwide group of evangelicals.”
Upton has something Freedman covets: a voting bloc.
She laughs off concerns that, for Christian Zionists, actual
Jews living in Israel serve as mere props for their end-time
scenario: “We have a different conception of what [the end
of the world] will be like. . . . Whoever is right will
rejoice, and whoever was wrong will say, ‘Whoops!’ ”
She’s not worried, either, about evangelical anti-Semitism:
“I don’t think it exists,” she says. She does say, however,
that it would concern her if she learned the Apostolic Congress
had a representative in Israel trying to win converts: “If
we discovered that people were trying to convert Jews to
Christianity, we would be very upset.”
Kim Johnson doesn’t call it converting Jews to Christianity.
She calls it “circumcision of the heart”—a spiritual circumcision
Jews must undergo because, she writes in paraphrase of Jeremiah,
chapter 9, “God will destroy all the uncircumcised nations
along with the House of Israel, because the House of Israel
is uncircumcised in the heart . . . [I]t is through the
Gospel . . . that men’s hearts are circumcised.”
Apostolics believe that only 144,000 Jews who have not,
prior to the Second Coming of Christ, acknowledged Jesus
as the Messiah will be saved in the end times. But even
for those who do not believe in this literal interpretation
of the Bible—or for anyone who lives in Israel, or who cares
about Israel, or whose security might be affected by a widespread
conflagration in the Middle East, which is everyone—the
scriptural prophecies of the Christian Zionists should be
the least of their worries.
Instead, we should be worried about self-fulfilling prophecies.
“Biblically,” stated one South Carolina minister in support
of the anti-Road Map billboard campaign, “there’s always
going to be a war.”
Don Wagner, an evangelical, worries that in the Republican
Party, people who believe this “are dominating the discourse
now, in an election year.” He calls the attempt to yoke
scripture to current events “a modern heresy, with cultish
proportions.
“I
mean, it’s appalling,” he rails on. “And it also shows how
marginalized mainstream Christian thinking, and the majority
of evangelical thought, have become.”
It demonstrates, he says, “the absolute convergence of the
neoconservatives with the Christian Zionists and the pro-Israel
lobby, driving U.S. Mideast policy.”
The problem is not that George W. Bush is discussing policy
with people who press right-wing solutions to achieve peace
in the Middle East, or with devout Christians. It is that
he is discussing policy with Christians who might not care
about peace at all—at least until the rapture.
The Jewish pro-Israel lobby, in the interests of peace for
those living in the present, might want to consider a disengagement.
Rick
Perlstein writes for The Village Voice, where this
article first appeared.