Like
A Good Neighbor
How
a button factory gave rise to a Bangladeshi community in
Hudson—and how a local arts activist is helping that community
cope now that the factory has closed
By Mike Greenhaus
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| Button
down: The shuttered Emsig factory. Photo
by Andrea Fischman |
Walking
though the streets of Hudson’s north side, you’d think Shershah
Mizanurrahman has lived here his entire life. Shershah smiles
at his mailwoman, waves to his neighbors and maneuvers through
the city’s backstreets like a seasoned tour guide. But for
almost a year and a half, this relatively low-rent neighborhood
is almost all Shershah knew of this increasingly popular
Columbia County city, which has been transformed in recent
years by second-homeowners, tourists and the more than 70
antique shops that line Warren Street. Since coming to the
United States in December 2000, Shershah has walked the
streets of Hudson’s north side every day, sometimes to visit
his Bangladeshi neighbors, and other times to work at the
Emsig Button Factory, the manufacturing giant that brought
the native Bangladeshi to America. “When I was in Bangladesh,
my uncle told me about Emsig,” Shershah says. “He helped
me get a job here, and he got me an apartment three months
before I even came to Hudson. For three months I was paying
rent on an apartment I wasn’t living in.”
Like
his uncle before him, Shershah was lured to Hudson by the
prospect of working in the button factory. Throughout the
1990s, the company made an effort to bring Bangladeshi workers
to its Hudson plant, a campaign that created a subculture
of more than 200 Bangladeshi. With Emsig acting as the glue
that kept the Bangladeshi community together, Shershah settled
quickly into Hudson’s daily life. Within a week of arriving
in America, Shershah landed a job at the button company,
and along with 76 of his Bangladeshi neighbors, walked the
daily, mile-long route through Hudson’s north side to the
Emsig factory, located on the outskirts of town. With work
so easy to come by and their community in place, the Bangladeshis
essentially were protected from the cultural barriers many
immigrants struggle to overcome.
But
then, the Bangladeshi immigrants’ world of buttons started
to come undone. Throughout the summer of 2001, Shershah
says, he heard mumblings of Emsig’s impending closure. On
Sept. 6, Shershah was part of the first wave of employees
the company laid off, leaving the 34-year-old uncertain
about his future in Hudson. By February, Emsig had closed
its Hudson plant, and an entire community of Bangladeshi
was stranded, barely visible to the rest of the community
and worlds apart from the antique shops and weekenders of
Warren Street.
“For
a while I thought I might have to leave Hudson,” Shershah
says. “When there aren’t jobs, people start to leave. It’s
hard to work outside of Hudson because we don’t have cars.
A few people have moved to New York City.”
For
a brief time before he was laid off, Shershah seemed to
be living the American dream. Short, skinny, and often smiling,
Shershah beams when he recalls the strange path that took
him from Bangladesh to Hudson.
Almost
two years ago, Shershah’s wife, Zulekha Akther, was selected
to come to America through a Bangladeshi emigration lottery
system. In December 2000, the couple arrived at JFK airport,
and that afternoon they traveled to Hudson. Less then a
week later, Shershah and Jahangir were hired by Emsig, and
in June 2001 the couple had their first child. Unlike many
Bangladehsi immigrants who choose to try their luck amid
the bustle of New York City, Shershah enjoyed Hudson’s quiet
life and the close-knit Bangladeshi community that had carved
a niche in the city’s affordable north side.
“Bangladesh
is a very poor country,” Shershah says, as he reminisces
about his homeland. Shershah is fond of his country, but
was grateful to escape its political and economic troubles.
Dressed
in soft black pants and a blue shirt clasped together by
two large buttons, Shershah seems surprisingly untroubled
as he walks through the empty parking lot of the Emsig factory.
A long, meandering road connects the now-shuttered plant
to the rest of the city’s north side, as if to deter strangers
from wandering into the factory’s lonely shadow. The low-rise
building sits like a citadel at the end of the long driveway,
overlooking a few barren fields and weathered buildings.
Though not far in distance to the pricey antique shops of
Warren Street, the factory site seems almost to inhabit
a different planet.
Based
on the strong work ethic of a few Bangladeshi men who traveled
to Hudson in 1991, Emsig actively recruited workers like
Shershah for a decade. Through bulletin-board postings and
word of mouth, workers came from Bangladesh to Hudson, carving
their own niche within the city’s population of 7,500. As
more and more families settled and new children were born,
the Bangladeshi community grew to more than 200 people.
“Ten
days ago, my neighbor had a baby,” Shershah says one July
evening. “My community’s people helped me when my son was
born, giving us rides to doctors and hospitals, and we do
the same for him. When we are done with work, we all go
over to see the baby.”
Laying
the foundation for a permanent Bangladeshi community, a
few men even erected Hudson’s first mosque in an apartment
basement. Though Shershah says the mosque looks more like
a house than a traditional place of prayer, it serves as
the center in which the Muslim community gathers.
“We
pray together every Friday at 1 PM in the mosque,” Shershah
says. “Every day we pray in the morning, but on Friday we
pray in the mosque.”
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| Home
sweet Hudson: Shershah Mizanurrahman (front right) with
his Bangladeshi neighbors. Photo
by Andrea Fischman |
Within
the Emsig factory, the Bangladeshis were a visible presence,
using their native language to communicate with one another.
But, to most of Hudson’s residents, Shershah and his countrymen
were phantoms. Though a few men and women got jobs at local
stores, most of the Bangladeshi families remained cloistered
within the seemingly secure world of Emsig, which paid wages
as high as $10 an hour.
But,
just as the Bangladeshi community began to prosper, Emsig
closed the plant. Several days after Shershah received his
pink slip, the garment industry was turned upside down by
the events of Sept. 11 and the economic uncertainty that
followed. Emsig already had been struggling; The New
York Times reported that the company lost $1 million
in 2000.
“I
learned I was losing my job on Sept. 6 and my wife learned
she was losing hers two days later,” Shershah says. “My
country’s people are very industrious. They don’t like not
working.”
In
the months following Emsig’s closure, Shershah and his neighbors
searched for security in Hudson. Though Emsig brought a
few Bangladeshis to its new headquarters in Connecticut,
more than 75 Bangladeshis were left without work and with
unemployment checks as their only source of income. While
on unemployment, Shershah received only $138 a week. Few
in the local Bangladeshi community had learned to speak
English with enough fluency to communicate with their non-immigrant
neighbors; the language barrier prevented many Bangladeshis
from getting jobs. Furthermore, the largely carless community
had only a few-mile radius in which to find work. Finally,
in February, Shershah realized that what his community needed
was a voice, and so he sought out Linda Mussmann.
The
president of Time & Space Limited, a Hudson-based multimedia
arts organization active in local politics and community
issues, Mussmann first became aware of Hudson’s newest immigrant
community through a group of Bangladeshi children who attended
Time & Space Limited’s programs. She had also had a
chance encounter with Shershah during her unsuccessful campaign
for Hudson mayor in the Fall of 2000.
“I
saw Linda at CVS and she was campaigning for mayor,” Shershah
says. “She handed me a pencil, and it had her number on
it.”
After
months of unemployment, Shershah approached Mussmann about
helping his people.
“While
I campaigned for mayor, the Bangladeshi community was very
gracious,” Mussmann says. “Shershah lived across the street
from me, and [after Emsig closed], he invited me over for
dinner.”
Together,
the two Hudson residents set out to help secure the future
for Hudson’s Bangladeshi population.
For
much of February and March, Mussmann spent time with the
Bangladeshi people, figuring out how she could best help
their community. She frequently ate dinner with Bangladeshi
families, pushed potential employers to consider hiring
them, and whenever possible, provided space at TSL for the
Bangladeshis to meet and become more actively involved in
the Hudson community.
“We
like having them [the Bangladeshi people] here, and want
to make sure they stay,” Mussmann says. “I’ve been going
with them on interviews, helping with the language barrier.”
A well-known
member of the Hudson community, Mussmann alerted the media
to the Bangladeshis’ plight and spread their story through
her own TSL newsletter. Mussmann also began a push to get
some of the Bangladeshis up to speed with their English.
As
Mussmann and Shershah spearheaded an effort to get the Bangladeshi
people employed, other problems emerged. As incomes shrank,
unpaid bills increased, and worries mounted over money and
health care, the latter problem compounded by the communication
barrier between Bangladeshi immigrants and hospital personnel.
“It’s
frustrating when I can’t understand what people are saying,”
Shershah says. Using his hands to explain his thoughts,
Shershah motions that it’s not his intelligence that’s holding
him back, but his limited English vocabulary.
Much
of Mussmann’s time with the Bangladeshis has been spent
talking to doctors and potential employers, using her voice
to express their thoughts.
“Our
main goal is to let people know that there is this incredible
workforce out there,” Mussmann says. “Through Shershah,
I got to know most of the Bangladeshi community.”
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| Giving
time and space: Linda Mussmann. Photo
by Andrea Fischman |
Mussmann
helped set the Bangladeshi people up with job interviews
at nearby factories like Sunoco-Crellin and, in March, the
factory hired a handful of new workers. In addition, a few
more workers were hired at local restaurants and stores.
The months of March and April were trying for Mussmann and
her Bangladeshi neighbors, but the community stuck together,
its members supporting each other like an extended family.
When Shershah and Jahangir went on job interviews, their
neighbors took care of their son and, likewise, when his
friends scored jobs, Shershah looked after their families.
After
several months of unemployment, Shershah recently landed
a job at Columbia-Greene Memorial Hospital, working as a
patient-care assistant. One of Hudson’s largest employers,
the hospital has proven to be a valuable asset in the Bangladeshis’
search for security. With Mussmann’s help, Shershah and
several of his friends participated in a mass interview,
which allowed the Bangladeshi applicants to help each other
express their thoughts when language barriers arose. Though
Shershah earns less money now than he did at Emsig, he is
unionized and will earn more the longer he stays at the
hospital.
“A
factory job I always thought of as dirty work,” Shershah
says. “At the hospital, I have to dress clean, and we learn
very valuable skills.”
Shershah’s
job also holds modest potential for career advancement,
and a chance to learn computer skills. Other Bangladeshis
also have found jobs recently at the hospital as PCAs and
in the housekeeping department.
In
the few months that he has been employed at Columbia-Greene
Memorial Hospital, Shershah feels he has become more connected
with Hudson.
“The
other day we went to a street parade, and Shershah recognized
many of the people on the floats,” Mussmann says. “Because
of Shershah’s job at the hospital, he is very visible, while
at the factory he was invisible.”
After
almost six months of working together daily, and socializing
nightly, Mussmann feels close with the Bangladeshi people.
“I’m
Bangladeshi,” she jokes.
In
May, Mussmann hired several Bangladeshis to cater an 80-person
reception at Time & Space Limited. The reception gave
a few Bangladeshis an opportunity to showcase their culinary
skills, and is the first step in what Mussmann hopes will
lead to a Bangladeshi restaurant in Hudson. Recently, Zulekha
also was hired to work in the kitchen at the Red Dot, a
local restaurant.
“Their
culture has their own delicacies, and a restaurant would
provide a lot of people with jobs, ” Mussmann says. “An
Indian restaurant would be a great way to let to community
know they’re out there.”
Like
Shershah’s new job, the banquet was a success, but the Bangladeshis’
struggle is far from over. Even after five months of job
interviews, nine of the former Bangladeshi button workers
are still unemployed, and the community is still working
to overcome the language barrier.
Today,
Shershah and Zulekha split their time between working and
taking care of their family. Everyday Shershah walks to
work from his home on the north side, arrives at the hospital
at 3 PM, changes into his scrubs and works an eight-hour
shift. Unlike his job at the factory, the hospital job requires
Shershah to maintain a neat appearance, and it is evident
that he is pleased to do so, and considers it a reflection
of the pride he takes in his work.
As
he prepares for his evening shift, Shershah recalls his
fondness for Mussmann and her TSL staff. Sitting with Mussmann
in the TSL office, Shershah seems at home in Hudson. The
events of the last nine months have left Hudson’s Bangladeshi
immigrants shaken, and uncertain about the future. But they
have gained strength from their own support system, and
Mussman’s tireless example of neighborliness has given them
faith that they gradually will be able to assimilate into
the community at large.
“Being
a Midwesterner, it’s natural for us to be worried about
our neighbors,” Mussmann says. “In 1948, my family farm
was blown away by a tornado, and people we didn’t even know
came to help us pick up the pieces. When there’s a problem,
it’s everyone’s problem.”